#US ECONOMIC BLOCKADE BLOCKING THE HEALTH SECTOR
Nov. 2017:The transnational Pharmaceutical companies Baster,Abbot & Pfizer refused to issue exportation certificates to #Cancer drugs,making it impossible for #Venezuela to buy them
…agoalbasolidarity.files.wordpress.com/2018/06/doc_sa…👈

#US Unilateral Coercive Measures of Commercial Economic Blockade
And Financial Persecution Against Persons And Institutions of the Bolivarian
Republic of #Venezuela
December 2014
CHRONOLOGY👇OF EVENTS 1/15
Source:…agoalbasolidarity.files.wordpress.com/2018/06/doc_sa…👈PDF LINK

#Sanctions #HandsOffVenezuela

2014, Public Law 113-278. Obama declares #Venezuela as a “rare & extraordinary threat to the #US national security & foreign policy”thus allowing to frame & legally substantiate all the actions that the US is undertaking against Venezuela
CHRONOLOGY👇2/15
…agoalbasolidarity.files.wordpress.com/2018/06/doc_sa…

April 2016 starts the phase of the financial blockade against #Venezuela.
Inst. of the Venezuelan Govt begin to receive,by financial entities abroad,notifications abt restrictions applied to the banking accounts to execute payments in USD.
CHRONOLOGY👇3/15
…agoalbasolidarity.files.wordpress.com/2018/06/doc_sa…

May 2016 Commerzbank bank (#Germany) closed the accounts held by several institutions, Venezuelan public banks & #PDVSA.
July 2016 #US Citibank unilaterally ceased service in foreign currency of Venezuelan inst. in the US inc the accounts of the Central Bank of #Venezuela
👇4/15

August 2016 Novo Banco (#Portugal bank)) notifies the country the impossibility to carry out transactions in #US dollars w/#Venezuelan banks & institutions, because of pressures exercised by correspondent banks of this institution
CHRONOLOGY👇5/15
…agoalbasolidarity.files.wordpress.com/2018/06/doc_sa…

02/10/2017. Senator #MarcoRubio presents in the #US Senate a media set-up (#FakeNews) of the #CNN International channel that states that #Venezuela supports terrorists and drug traffickers with passports.

CHRONOLOGY👇OF EVENTS 6/15
Source:…agoalbasolidarity.files.wordpress.com/2018/06/doc_sa…👈PDF LINK

02/13/2017. The #US Treasury Department, through the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC), includes the Executive Vice-President of #Venezuela, Tareck El Aissami, on a list of sanctioned persons for "drug trafficking."
CHRONOLOGY👇OF EVENTS 7/15
…agoalbasolidarity.files.wordpress.com/2018/06/doc_sa…👈LINK

BLOCKADE OF ACCESS TO MEDICINES
July 2017: The Citibank bank (#USA) refuses to receive #Venezuela-n funds for the import of 300 thousand doses of #insulin, destined to cover the demand of 450 thousand registered patients
CHRONOLOGY👇OF EVENTS 8/15
Source:…agoalbasolidarity.files.wordpress.com/2018/06/doc_sa…

July 2017. The Delaware company -payment agent of the #PDVSA bonds- informs that its correspondent bank (PNC Bank) in the #US refuses to receive more funds from the #Venezuela-n oil company.
CHRONOLOGY👇OF EVENTS 9/15
Source:…agoalbasolidarity.files.wordpress.com/2018/06/doc_sa…

SCROLL UP⬆️
ECONOMIC BLOCKADE AGAINST THE #VENEZUELA STARTED👇BEFORE
07/31/2017 The Dept of the Treasury, through the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC), imposes sanctions against a group of #Venezuelan officials, including the President of the Republic, #NicolasMaduro
10/15

08/21/2017 The Bank of #China (BOC - Panama), informs that due to instructions from the #US Treasury Dept & pressure from the Panamanian govt, it will not be able to carry out any op in foreign currency in favor of #Venezuela
08/22/2017 Allied banks in #Russia ... 👇11/15

08/23/2017. The correspondent of the BDC Shandong bank alleging administrative reasons, paralyzes a transaction to #Venezuela even though the funds were drawn by #China.
CHRONOLOGY👇OF EVENTS 12/15
Source:…agoalbasolidarity.files.wordpress.com/2018/06/doc_sa…

08/24/2017. #DonaldTrump issues the Exec Order 13808 entitled "Impose additional sanctions with regard to the situation in #Venezuela"
Prohibits a set of transactions involving the #Venezuelan Govt, inc #PDVSA, & any other entity owned or controlled by the Venezuelan Govt.👇13/15

08/24/2017 #PDVSA is prohibited from acquiring new debts with maturing of more than 90 days.
The #Venezuelan Govt is prohibited from acquiring new debts with a maturity of more than 30 days.
The Government is prohibited to obtain new stock shares 👇14/15
…agoalbasolidarity.files.wordpress.com/2018/06/doc_sa…

Jun 24, 2018. Vessel of Kabuco food supplier co.:Within the framework of #sanctions, the bank account belonging to an important company of #soy food (key raw material for preparing balanced animal food) has been closed by the Swiss Hyposwiss Private Bank👇
…agoalbasolidarity.files.wordpress.com/2018/06/doc_sa…

Blockade of transactions:Several #Venezuela-n transactions from European banks were returned btw 15 & 28 Dec 2017
Such transactions amounted more than 29.7million USD to different suppliers & aimed to pay the food distributed through the CLAP program (Govt food supplying program)

#Venezuela
2017. Delay of payment proceedings: The #US bank #JPMorgan has increasingly delayed the acceptance of funds for an amount of 28.1 millions USD aimed to pay the transport -vessels- of the food for the food supply of #Venezuelan people.
Source:…agoalbasolidarity.files.wordpress.com/2018/06/doc_sa…

#Colombia’s blockade to transit of food: From Dec 24th to 26th, 2017, intl food suppliers held 1,700 tons of pork leg in the Colombian border in order to be entered into #Venezuela for their distribution among the Venezuelan Operations Cost Increase
Source:…agoalbasolidarity.files.wordpress.com/2018/06/doc_sa…

Interviewed in 2015, #JohnPilger similarly referred to the “current conspiracy between the #US and #SaudiArabia to lower the price of #Oil” in order to cause a “#coup” in #Venezuela “so they can roll-back some of the world’s most important social reforms.”
canadiandimension.com/articles/view/…

A new book by Venezuelan economist Pasqualina Curcio – called The Visible Hand of the Market: Economic Warfare in #Venezuela – reveals more precisely just how some of this economic sabotage is being done: through multinational corporations, whose brand names we all recognize. 1/3

“2013,an escalation of the country-risk for #Venezuela started, to the present, Venezuela has paid US $63.566 billion for foreign public debt service [interest charges].The country has fulfilled all its commitments in a timely manner”& yet its country-risk index was“hiked by 202%

2017,#GoldmanSachs reportedly sold $300m Venezuelan bonds to hedge funds – contributing to the narrative of #Venezuela’s impending economic collapse
Recalling that G.Sachs was central to the demise of #Greece’s economy,it’s reasonable to question the timing & motives of this sale

#Canada wants to “marginalize” #Venezuela bc it does not follow the #neoliberal “FreeTrade”agenda that #Trudeau is pushing
The Trudeau admin. insists on retaining the controversial #ISDS mechanism in trade deals, which allows corporations to sue Govts for “lost future profits”

Aug 2017,#US warned financial institutions that“All #Venezuela-n Govt Agencies & Bodies…appear vulnerable to public corruption & money laundering”
Many financial institutions then closed Venezuelan accounts,concerned abt risk of being accused of participating in money laundering

"If we step back & look at #Venezuela from a bird’s-eye view,how does a country with 500 billion barrels of oil & hundreds of billions of dollars’ worth of minerals in the ground go broke? The only way that can happen is if the country is cut off from the Intl Financial System."

Weaponizing hunger in #Venezuela in this manner is dishonest & misleading. Christina M. Schiavoni, a doctoral researcher at the Intl Inst. of Social Studies in #TheHague, & Ana Felicien & Liccia Romero, both Venezuelan scholars, (6/1/18) on “overt #US aggression toward Venezuela”

👇😡Sanctions Kill People‼️
#BretStephens’ in the #NYTimes (1/28/19) only mentions the word “#Sanctions” to complain that the media supposedly isn’t blaming “#Socialism” for the crisis in #Venezuela, and went on to advocate using them to bring about #RegimeChange in the country🤨

The editorial board @washingtonpost (1/24/19) alleged that #Venezuela’s govt has“subject[ed] the country’s 32million ppl to a humanitarian catastrophe” without referring to what famous scholars whose research focuses on Latin America—describe (Common Dreams,1/24/19) as #Sanctions

#HenryOlsen in the Post (1/24/19) wrote as if #Sanctions are a benign tool that can be used to usher in a brighter future for Venezuelans😡
Sanctions are illegal under Intl Law,#US has no right to decide who governs #Venezuela,these measures kill & immiserate ordinary Venezuelans

The #US Govt acknowledges that it is knowingly,consciously driving the Venezuelan Economy into the ground,but US media make no such acknowledgment,send the msg that the problems in #Venezuela are entirely fault of the Govt, & US is a neutral arbiter that wants to help Venezuelans

For👇🤨those in the Media with a goldfish memory
Aug 2017, Trump signed an exec order barring dealings in new bonds & stocks issued by the Govt & the State Oil Company, Petróleos de #Venezuela, parent of Citgo
Banks also cannot engage in new lending with the Govt or the oil giant

FINANCIAL BLOCKADE AGAINST #VENEZUELA IS NOT CURRENT, IT BEGAN IN👇
2016 Starts The Phase Of The Financial Blockade Against Venezuela
Interruption of the Intl Banks Operations, the Closing of Accounts such as Citibank, Comerzbank, Deutsche Bank AG, & other
…agoalbasolidarity.files.wordpress.com/2018/06/doc_sa…

Truth behind the controversy in the true shape of the Venezuelan economy & whether #HugoChavez’ & #NicholasMaduro’s reform/policies were crucial for the ppl of #Venezuela or whether they were completely misguided & precipitated the current crises
Read more:unz.com/tsaker/saker-i…

#Sanctions that Trump ordered on Aug 24, 2017, cut off #Venezuela from billions of dollars, even revenue from its own Oil Company in the #US #Citgo
These sanctions are illegal under the #OAS Charter & under Intl Conventions to which the U.S is a signatory:
usnews.com/opinion/world-…

#Venezuela until 2014,real income p/person grew by more than 2% annually
During 2004-2014, Poverty Fell by 49% & Extreme Poverty by 63%
Number ppl over 60y/o receiving Public Pensions tripled, & Millions Venezuelans gained access to Health Care & Education
huffingtonpost.com/mark-weisbrot/…

2016 Obama again declared #Venezuela unusual & extraordinary threat to #US Natl Security
The sanctions,& pressure from the #US Govt, helped convince major Financial Institutions not to make otherwise low-risk loans, collateralized by gold, to the Vzln Govt
nytimes.com/roomfordebate/…

THE EVIDENCE OF ECONOMIC WAR AGAINST #VENEZUELA
Here is a list of these irrefutable examples.
1. The Country Risk Analysis granted by financial rating agencies is unfair and unwarranted given Venezuela’s compliance with its external debt payments
Source:investigaction.net/en/the-evidenc…👈

THE EVIDENCE OF ECONOMIC WAR AGAINST #VENEZUELA
Here is a list of these irrefutable examples.
2. The word “default” is used against Venezuela without regard for its real meaning. Two recent examples show this.
Source:investigaction.net/en/the-evidenc…👈
#HandsOffVenezuela

3. Trump issued an exec order (based on exec order by Obama) in detail shows that it is an explicit boycott,having the purpose of blocking #Venezuela’s relations w/ US companies,restricting Venezuela’s ability to make external debt payments & w/ its opportunities to refinance it.

THE EVIDENCE OF ECONOMIC WAR AGAINST #VENEZUELA
4. In recent years much of the international financial system has promoted a blockade on Venezuela’s financial operations.International banks (#Citibank, #Comerzbank, #DeutscheBank) have unilaterally canceled contracts with Venezuela

5. There have been blocks on #Venezuela’s payments for food & other basic goods
For example, in the 3rd week of November,more than 23 payments for $39 million in food were returned bc the suppliers’ intermediary banks would not accept Venezuelan payments.
investigaction.net/en/the-evidenc…

THE EVIDENCE OF ECONOMIC WAR AGAINST #VENEZUELA
6. The escalation in the“parallel”illegal exchange rate for the Bolivar has no actual parallel w/ any real Venezuelan macroeconomic statistics. This black market exchange rate has multiplied 1,410 times since Aug 2014 to the present

We could add to this list of examples of economic war on #Venezuela all the attempts by #Mercosur to isolate Venezuela, the sanctions of the #EuropeanUnion or #Canada, & the closing of airline routes to Venezuela by Avianca, Aerolíneas Argentinas & others
investigaction.net/en/the-evidenc…